Hiragana chart
Hiragana writes native Japanese words and the grammar of every sentence, and it is the first script learners study.
Tap a kana to see its picture, memory trick and stroke order. Tap play to hear it.
All memory tricks in one list
Basic清音
- あ a
A sailor's anchor with a rope looped around it. "Ah, drop the anchor!"
- い i
Two eels standing side by side, the left one taller with its tail flicking up. (り, the reeds, has the taller one on the right.)
- う u
A capital U has tipped over onto its side, with a little line above it: "Oops!"
- え e
A small storm cloud fires a zigzag lightning bolt: pure energy.
- お o
An octopus hugs a ship's mast and waves one arm: "Oh!"
- か ka
A karaoke singer belts out a song, arms wide, a music note floating beside them.
- き ki
It is a key: two teeth (the two bars) on a long shaft and a round handle at the bottom.
- く ku
A cuckoo calls with its beak wide open: "Cu-ckoo!"
- け ke
Two strands of kelp sway on the sea floor, and a little fish swims across.
- こ ko
Two koi fish swimming one above the other in a round pond.
- さ sa
A satellite in space: solar panels across, a big dish below.
- し shi
She has one long ponytail that flicks up at the end.
- す su
A super water slide: straight down, round the loop and into the splash pool.
- せ se
A tower crane: "Set it down here!"
- そ so
A bendy soda straw: zigzag at the top, long curve at the bottom.
- た ta
A drummer finishes a drum roll on a big drum: "Ta-da!"
- ち chi
A red-hot chili pepper hangs on its stem.
- つ tsu
A tsunami: one big wave curling over.
- て te
A capital T bends its leg back like a hook: "Ten out of ten!"
- と to
A yellow rubber duck: a bath toy.
- な na
A nun kneels to pray in front of a cross.
- に ni
A needle with its thread looped across into two lines.
- ぬ nu
Chopsticks pinch a ramen noodle, its end curling into a little loop. (め, the medal, has no loop.)
- ね ne
A worried cat sits up very straight and curls its tail into a knot: "Never touch my tail!" (れ, the dancer, has no loop.)
- の no
A big "No!" sign: a circle with a slash, drawn in one swirl.
- は ha
Read it like letters: the line and the cross make a capital H, and the loop is a little a. H + a = "Ha!"
- ひ hi
A penguin waves one flipper and giggles: "Hee hee!"
- ふ fu
Mount Fuji: a snowy peak in the middle and a little hill on each side.
- へ he
A hiker reaches the top of a little hill and shouts "Hello!"
- ほ ho
A golf ball rolls toward the flag: "Hole in one!"
- ま ma
A marionette: the stick with two crossbars is the puppeteer's handle, and the little puppet hangs below it.
- み mi
み looks like the number 21. "Me? I'm 21!"
- む mu
A cow's head going "Moo!"
- め me
A gold medal on its ribbon. (ぬ, the noodle, ends in a loop.)
- も mo
A fishing hook with two worms on it to catch more fish.
- や ya
A yacht: one big curved sail, a slanted mast and a pennant.
- ゆ yu
A big tropical fish swims right up to you.
- よ yo
A yo-yo hanging from a string.
- ら ra
A rabbit sitting sideways: the little dash is its ear and the curve is its round back and belly.
- り ri
Two reeds by the river; the right reed is taller. (い, the eels, has the taller one on the left.)
- る ru
A kangaroo with her joey peeking out of the pouch: the little loop. (ろ, the road, has no loop.)
- れ re
A flamenco dancer in a red dress kicks up her long ruffled train. (ね, the cat, ends in a loop.)
- ろ ro
A road with no loop at the end, just rolling on. (る, the kangaroo, ends in a loop.)
- わ wa
A watering can gives a sunflower a drink.
- を wo
A surfer wobbles on a big wave: "Whoa!"
- ん n
It looks like a handwritten lowercase n with a tail.
Dakuten and handakuten濁音・半濁音
- が ga
か + ゛ (dakuten) = が: ka → ga.
- ぎ gi
き + ゛ (dakuten) = ぎ: ki → gi.
- ぐ gu
く + ゛ (dakuten) = ぐ: ku → gu.
- げ ge
け + ゛ (dakuten) = げ: ke → ge.
- ご go
こ + ゛ (dakuten) = ご: ko → go.
- ざ za
さ + ゛ (dakuten) = ざ: sa → za.
- じ ji
し + ゛ (dakuten) = じ: shi → ji, not "zi".
- ず zu
す + ゛ (dakuten) = ず: su → zu.
- ぜ ze
せ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぜ: se → ze.
- ぞ zo
そ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぞ: so → zo.
- だ da
た + ゛ (dakuten) = だ: ta → da.
- ぢ ji
ち + ゛ (dakuten) = ぢ: chi → ji, the same sound as じ.
- づ zu
つ + ゛ (dakuten) = づ: tsu → zu, the same sound as ず.
- で de
て + ゛ (dakuten) = で: te → de.
- ど do
と + ゛ (dakuten) = ど: to → do.
- ば ba
は + ゛ (dakuten) = ば: ha → ba.
- び bi
ひ + ゛ (dakuten) = び: hi → bi.
- ぶ bu
ふ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぶ: fu → bu.
- べ be
へ + ゛ (dakuten) = べ: he → be.
- ぼ bo
ほ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぼ: ho → bo.
- ぱ pa
は + ゜ (handakuten) = ぱ: ha → pa.
- ぴ pi
ひ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぴ: hi → pi.
- ぷ pu
ふ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぷ: fu → pu.
- ぺ pe
へ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぺ: he → pe.
- ぽ po
ほ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぽ: ho → po.
Combinations拗音
- き ki
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = きゃ kya, きゅ kyu, きょ kyo
- し shi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = しゃ sha, しゅ shu, しょ sho
- ち chi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = ちゃ cha, ちゅ chu, ちょ cho
- に ni
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = にゃ nya, にゅ nyu, にょ nyo
- ひ hi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = ひゃ hya, ひゅ hyu, ひょ hyo
- み mi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = みゃ mya, みゅ myu, みょ myo
- り ri
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = りゃ rya, りゅ ryu, りょ ryo
- ぎ gi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = ぎゃ gya, ぎゅ gyu, ぎょ gyo
- じ ji
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = じゃ ja, じゅ ju, じょ jo
- び bi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = びゃ bya, びゅ byu, びょ byo
- ぴ pi
+ small ゃ ゅ ょ = ぴゃ pya, ぴゅ pyu, ぴょ pyo
Stroke order data: KanjiVG, CC BY-SA 3.0