Hiragana chart

Hiragana writes native Japanese words and the grammar of every sentence, and it is the first script learners study.

Tap a kana to see its picture, memory trick and stroke order. Tap play to hear it.

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All memory tricks in one list

Basic清音

a row
  • あ a

    A sailor's anchor with a rope looped around it. "Ah, drop the anchor!"

  • い i

    Two eels standing side by side, the left one taller with its tail flicking up. (り, the reeds, has the taller one on the right.)

  • う u

    A capital U has tipped over onto its side, with a little line above it: "Oops!"

  • え e

    A small storm cloud fires a zigzag lightning bolt: pure energy.

  • お o

    An octopus hugs a ship's mast and waves one arm: "Oh!"

ka row
  • か ka

    A karaoke singer belts out a song, arms wide, a music note floating beside them.

  • き ki

    It is a key: two teeth (the two bars) on a long shaft and a round handle at the bottom.

  • く ku

    A cuckoo calls with its beak wide open: "Cu-ckoo!"

  • け ke

    Two strands of kelp sway on the sea floor, and a little fish swims across.

  • こ ko

    Two koi fish swimming one above the other in a round pond.

sa row
  • さ sa

    A satellite in space: solar panels across, a big dish below.

  • し shi

    She has one long ponytail that flicks up at the end.

  • す su

    A super water slide: straight down, round the loop and into the splash pool.

  • せ se

    A tower crane: "Set it down here!"

  • そ so

    A bendy soda straw: zigzag at the top, long curve at the bottom.

ta row
  • た ta

    A drummer finishes a drum roll on a big drum: "Ta-da!"

  • ち chi

    A red-hot chili pepper hangs on its stem.

  • つ tsu

    A tsunami: one big wave curling over.

  • て te

    A capital T bends its leg back like a hook: "Ten out of ten!"

  • と to

    A yellow rubber duck: a bath toy.

na row
  • な na

    A nun kneels to pray in front of a cross.

  • に ni

    A needle with its thread looped across into two lines.

  • ぬ nu

    Chopsticks pinch a ramen noodle, its end curling into a little loop. (め, the medal, has no loop.)

  • ね ne

    A worried cat sits up very straight and curls its tail into a knot: "Never touch my tail!" (れ, the dancer, has no loop.)

  • の no

    A big "No!" sign: a circle with a slash, drawn in one swirl.

ha row
  • は ha

    Read it like letters: the line and the cross make a capital H, and the loop is a little a. H + a = "Ha!"

  • ひ hi

    A penguin waves one flipper and giggles: "Hee hee!"

  • ふ fu

    Mount Fuji: a snowy peak in the middle and a little hill on each side.

  • へ he

    A hiker reaches the top of a little hill and shouts "Hello!"

  • ほ ho

    A golf ball rolls toward the flag: "Hole in one!"

ma row
  • ま ma

    A marionette: the stick with two crossbars is the puppeteer's handle, and the little puppet hangs below it.

  • み mi

    み looks like the number 21. "Me? I'm 21!"

  • む mu

    A cow's head going "Moo!"

  • め me

    A gold medal on its ribbon. (ぬ, the noodle, ends in a loop.)

  • も mo

    A fishing hook with two worms on it to catch more fish.

ya row
  • や ya

    A yacht: one big curved sail, a slanted mast and a pennant.

  • ゆ yu

    A big tropical fish swims right up to you.

  • よ yo

    A yo-yo hanging from a string.

ra row
  • ら ra

    A rabbit sitting sideways: the little dash is its ear and the curve is its round back and belly.

  • り ri

    Two reeds by the river; the right reed is taller. (い, the eels, has the taller one on the left.)

  • る ru

    A kangaroo with her joey peeking out of the pouch: the little loop. (ろ, the road, has no loop.)

  • れ re

    A flamenco dancer in a red dress kicks up her long ruffled train. (ね, the cat, ends in a loop.)

  • ろ ro

    A road with no loop at the end, just rolling on. (る, the kangaroo, ends in a loop.)

wa row
  • わ wa

    A watering can gives a sunflower a drink.

  • を wo

    A surfer wobbles on a big wave: "Whoa!"

n
  • ん n

    It looks like a handwritten lowercase n with a tail.

Dakuten and handakuten濁音・半濁音

ga row
  • が ga

    か + ゛ (dakuten) = が: ka → ga.

  • ぎ gi

    き + ゛ (dakuten) = ぎ: ki → gi.

  • ぐ gu

    く + ゛ (dakuten) = ぐ: ku → gu.

  • げ ge

    け + ゛ (dakuten) = げ: ke → ge.

  • ご go

    こ + ゛ (dakuten) = ご: ko → go.

za row
  • ざ za

    さ + ゛ (dakuten) = ざ: sa → za.

  • じ ji

    し + ゛ (dakuten) = じ: shi → ji, not "zi".

  • ず zu

    す + ゛ (dakuten) = ず: su → zu.

  • ぜ ze

    せ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぜ: se → ze.

  • ぞ zo

    そ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぞ: so → zo.

da row
  • だ da

    た + ゛ (dakuten) = だ: ta → da.

  • ぢ ji

    ち + ゛ (dakuten) = ぢ: chi → ji, the same sound as じ.

  • づ zu

    つ + ゛ (dakuten) = づ: tsu → zu, the same sound as ず.

  • で de

    て + ゛ (dakuten) = で: te → de.

  • ど do

    と + ゛ (dakuten) = ど: to → do.

ba row
  • ば ba

    は + ゛ (dakuten) = ば: ha → ba.

  • び bi

    ひ + ゛ (dakuten) = び: hi → bi.

  • ぶ bu

    ふ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぶ: fu → bu.

  • べ be

    へ + ゛ (dakuten) = べ: he → be.

  • ぼ bo

    ほ + ゛ (dakuten) = ぼ: ho → bo.

pa row
  • ぱ pa

    は + ゜ (handakuten) = ぱ: ha → pa.

  • ぴ pi

    ひ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぴ: hi → pi.

  • ぷ pu

    ふ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぷ: fu → pu.

  • ぺ pe

    へ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぺ: he → pe.

  • ぽ po

    ほ + ゜ (handakuten) = ぽ: ho → po.

Combinations拗音

kya
  • き ki

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = きゃ kya, きゅ kyu, きょ kyo

sha
  • し shi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = しゃ sha, しゅ shu, しょ sho

cha
  • ち chi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = ちゃ cha, ちゅ chu, ちょ cho

nya
  • に ni

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = にゃ nya, にゅ nyu, にょ nyo

hya
  • ひ hi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = ひゃ hya, ひゅ hyu, ひょ hyo

mya
  • み mi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = みゃ mya, みゅ myu, みょ myo

rya
  • り ri

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = りゃ rya, りゅ ryu, りょ ryo

gya
  • ぎ gi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = ぎゃ gya, ぎゅ gyu, ぎょ gyo

ja
  • じ ji

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = じゃ ja, じゅ ju, じょ jo

bya
  • び bi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = びゃ bya, びゅ byu, びょ byo

pya
  • ぴ pi

    + small ゃ ゅ ょ = ぴゃ pya, ぴゅ pyu, ぴょ pyo

Stroke order data: KanjiVG, CC BY-SA 3.0